1. The activity of alcohols and alcohol amines
Alcohols and alcohol amines—such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), triethanolamine, etc., are first adsorbed by white carbon black during rubber mixing, reducing the adsorption capacity of white carbon black, and protecting amine accelerators, antioxidants and zinc oxide It is not adsorbed by white carbon black, so that the vulcanization performance of the rubber compound is not disturbed.

2. Dispersant of zinc salt
     Silanol groups (≡Si-OH) on the surface of white carbon black can easily react with fatty acid zinc to produce ≡Si-OZnR. The hydrogen ion on the silanol group is replaced, which weakens the polarity of the white carbon black surface, reduces surface disaggregation and self-polymerization, reduces the Mooney viscosity of the rubber compound, and facilitates the dispersion of the white carbon black but does not improve the physical properties.

3. Silane coupling agent
    Silane-type coupling agent is actually a surfactant with hydrophilic and lipophilic groups. The hydrophilic part is replaced with the active hydrogen ion of the silanol group, while the lipophilic part is accepted by the rubber matrix to form white carbon. The chemical bond of black-silane-rubber matrix, coupling agent improves the physical properties of the rubber compound, and the mixing process is difficult compared with carbon black, the modulus is low, and the wear resistance is poor.